what is a power-purchase agreement
Writer : Kai Noble

What is a Power Purchase Agreement (PPA)?

A Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) is a contract between two parties:

  • A power producer (who generates electricity)

  • A power buyer (who uses the electricity, like a business, utility company, or government)

🔌 Why Use a PPA?

PPAs are commonly used in renewable energy projects like solar and wind farms. They help both parties in different ways:

  • The power producer gets a guaranteed buyer for their electricity.

  • The power buyer locks in a fixed price for energy, often cheaper and more stable than buying from the open market.


💡How Does a PPA Work?

Let’s break it down step-by-step:

  1. Agreement: A business signs a long-term deal (usually 10–25 years) to buy electricity from a renewable energy producer.

  2. Energy Production: The producer builds or operates a solar or wind power plant.

  3. Energy Delivery: The electricity is delivered to the buyer (sometimes through the local grid).

  4. Payment: The buyer pays for the electricity at the agreed rate, which is often lower than traditional energy prices.


🧾 Types of PPAs

  1. On-Site PPA

    • The power system (e.g., solar panels) is installed at the buyer’s location.

    • Power is used directly on-site.

  2. Off-Site PPA (or Virtual PPA)

    • Power is generated at a remote location.

    • Energy is sent to the grid, and the buyer gets credits or cost savings.


✅ Benefits of a PPA

  • Predictable Energy Costs
    Lock in stable prices for years.

  • No Upfront Costs
    The energy provider usually pays for installation and maintenance.

  • Supports Clean Energy
    Reduce carbon footprint and help the planet.

  • Energy Independence
    Less reliance on fossil fuels and market price changes.


🧠 Simple Example

A shopping mall wants to use solar energy. They sign a 20-year PPA with a solar company. The company installs solar panels on the mall’s roof. The mall pays a fixed rate for the solar electricity and saves money on energy bills without owning the solar panels.

PPA with First Power Solar

First Power Solar is a leading provider of solar energy solutions in the Philippines, catering to commercial and industrial clients. They explicitly offer Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs) as one of their services. 

How a PPA with First Power Solar Would Likely Work:

  • Agreement: Your business (the power buyer) would enter into a long-term contract with First Power Solar (the power producer). This agreement would outline the terms for the solar energy system and the purchase of the generated electricity. The term could range from 10 to 25 years, typical for PPAs.
  • System Installation: First Power Solar would handle the design, permitting, financing, and installation of a solar photovoltaic (PV) system on your property (for an on-site PPA) or at a remote location (for an off-site or virtual PPA). They would bear the upfront costs.
  • Energy Generation: The solar panels installed by First Power Solar would generate electricity.
  • Energy Delivery & Use (On-Site): For an on-site PPA, the electricity generated would be directly used by your business, reducing your reliance on the grid. 
  • Energy Delivery & Credits/Savings (Off-Site): For an off-site PPA, the electricity would be fed into the grid. Your business would then receive credits on your electricity bill or other financial benefits as outlined in the agreement, effectively offsetting your energy costs. 
  • Payment: You would pay First Power Solar a predetermined rate for each kilowatt-hour (kWh) of electricity generated by the solar system. This rate is often lower and more stable than the rates charged by the local utility. 
  • Operation and Maintenance: First Power Solar would typically remain responsible for the operation, maintenance, and performance monitoring of the solar energy system throughout the PPA term. 
  • End of Agreement: At the end of the PPA term, you might have options to extend the agreement, purchase the solar energy system from First Power Solar, or have them remove it. 

Benefits of a PPA with First Power Solar:

Based on the general benefits of PPAs and First Power Solar’s offerings, you could expect:

  • Reduced Energy Costs: Locking in a potentially lower electricity rate compared to traditional utility prices, leading to significant savings over the long term.  
  • No Upfront Investment: Avoiding the substantial capital expenditure typically required to purchase and install a solar power system. First Power Solar finances the project. 
  • Predictable Energy Costs: Shielding your business from the volatility of fluctuating electricity prices. 
  • Sustainability: Reducing your carbon footprint and contributing to a cleaner environment by utilizing renewable solar energy. 
  • Hassle-Free Solar:
  •  manages all aspects of the solar project, from installation to maintenance, allowing you to focus on your core business. 

 

In summary, a PPA with First Power Solar offers a way for businesses in the Philippines to adopt solar energy without the upfront costs and complexities of ownership while benefiting from predictable and potentially lower electricity rates and contributing to sustainability goals. You would essentially be purchasing the electricity generated by a solar system installed and maintained by First Power Solar.

FAQ

What is a Power Purchase Agreement (PPA)?

A PPA is a contract where a buyer agrees to purchase electricity from a power producer for a set price and time period, usually from renewable sources like solar or wind.

Companies use PPAs to save money, lock in long-term energy prices, and reduce their carbon footprint by using clean energy.

  • On-site PPA: Energy is produced and used at the same location.

  • Off-site PPA: Energy is produced elsewhere and sent through the grid to the buyer.

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